In early 2026, research focused on the Rawalpindi region (Pothwar plateau) highlights a landscape struggling with “nutrient mining” and alkaline stress. According to the Journal of Agriculture & Veterinary Science (2024) and subsequent 2025 updates, the agricultural soils of Rawalpindi are characterized by a unique set of constraints driven by their calcareous nature and rainfed (Barani) environment.+1 🧪 1. Soil Fertility Dynamics (2024-2026) A massive analysis of over 4,000 soil samples across Rawalpindi’s tehsils (including Gujar Khan, Taxila, and Kahuta) has revealed the following trends: The “Organic Matter” Crisis: Over 96% of soils are classified as poor in Soil Organic Matter (SOM), with levels typically falling below 0.86%. This is due to rapid mineralization under high temperatures and a lack of crop residue recycling. Alkalinity & Phosphorus Lock: Approx. 88% of soils exhibit an alkaline pH ranging from 7.5 to 8.5. This alkalinity is a “fertility trap” for Phosphorus; while the soil may contain P, it is chemically locked (precipitated with Calcium), leading to a 99% deficiency rate in plant-available Phosphorus.+1 Potassium Stability: Unlike Nitrogen and Phosphorus, 63% to 69% of soils in the district still hold adequate levels of extractable Potassium, thanks to the presence of mica-rich clay minerals. Micronutrient Gaps: Recent 2025 surveys indicate emerging widespread deficiencies in Zinc (Zn) and Boron (B), which are now significantly limiting wheat and brassica yields in the Pothwar region. Post navigation Wheat Genotypes Response to Rainfall and Nitrogen under climate stress conditions (Field Crops Research, Elsevier). Effect of Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke on Cocoa Seedling growth and soil improvement (Crop Research Journal, 2024).
